Glossary
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- FFCS
- Finnish Forest Certification System
- Filtrate
- Water that is either pressed or washed out of the pulp during the pulping and bleaching; once the water has been discharged to a sewer it becomes effluent.
- Flotation deinking
- In a paper recycling system, removal of ink by a process of adding surfactants to the pulp and pumping bubbles of air through the mixture. The hydrophobic ink particles attach to the air bubbles, float to the surface of the pulp and are skimmed off.
- Forest canopy
- Topmost layer of tree vegetation, also called the overstory.
- Forest Certification
- A declaration of successful completion of a system which takes into account the environmental aspects of forestry.
- Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)
- A WWF supported, international non-profit organisation, founded in 1993 to support environmentally appropriate, socially beneficial and economically viable management of the world's forests. The FSC have introduced a "Chain of Custody" labelling system for wood and paper products which means that they are certified at each stage of their manufacture to meet social, economic and environmental standards.
- Fossil Fuels
- Materials that contain hydrocarbons which are used for heat or power and produce carbon dioxide when burnt. Materials such as natural gas, coal and oil.